【影片原名】Citizen Kane
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【中文译名】公民凯恩/大国民
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【出品公司】Mercury Productions
1 c# n' t) d+ W7 A, _【上映日期】1941年9月5日 美国
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【影片级别】Canada:F (Ontario) | Canada:G (Manitoba/Nova Scotia/Quebec) | Netherlands:6 | South Korea:12 | Brazil

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J. l% L/ G* c7 A% \% B【IMDB链接】
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0033467/
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IMDB评分】
8.6/10 (156,853 votes) Top 250: #38
. k- Y+ _. r. k! ?8 d" r! [【国 家】美国
) K1 L8 Z- R: e, L9 S【类 别】剧情/悬疑
4 N }1 G4 _, m ~) y$ @【导 演】奥逊·威尔斯 Orson Welles
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【主 演】奥逊·威尔斯 Orson Welles ....Kane
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多萝西·康明戈尔 Dorothy Comingore ....Susan Alexander Kane
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阿格妮丝·摩尔海德 Agnes Moorehead ....Mary Kane
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约瑟夫·科顿 Joseph Cotten ....Jedediah Leland
4 J/ }0 o% [0 C, G# T7 x4 g 鲁斯·沃里克 Ruth Warrick ....Emily Monroe Norton Kane
9 l2 |2 I: `+ v0 \ Ray Collins ....James W. Gettys
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Erskine Sanford ....Herbert Carter
% z- S# p% e. h9 m! U Everett Sloane ....Mr. Bernstein
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威廉·阿伦德 William Alland ....Jerry Thompson
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Paul Stewart ....Raymond
, W! [% R* v9 i b; q$ r" E 乔治·库鲁里斯 George Coulouris ....Walter Parks Thatcher
0 j' J) q! n) A! g+ Z 福图尼奥·博纳诺瓦 Fortunio Bonanova ....Matiste
1 y, {& [/ s* f; c; D Gus Schilling ....The Headwaiter
- e2 [1 d! g& h5 {' l Philip Van Zandt ....Mr. Rawlston
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Georgia Backus ....Miss Anderson
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Harry Shannon ....Kane's Father
6 T% @9 [/ U9 S& Z4 L2 r# W Sonny Bupp ....Kane III
# G! {& T: }' z% R! w x# _, r Buddy Swan ....Kane - Age Eight
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Don Ackerman ....Man at Party in Everglades (uncredited)
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Loretta Agar ....Dancing Girl (uncredited)
4 m0 |) s. S5 Z Demetrius Alexis ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Peter Allen ....Man in Senate Investigating Committee (uncredited)
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William Alston ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
( C0 [) @6 f1 w! M' F' {0 j' o Baudelio Alva ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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T. Lockwood Arbright ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Sam Ash ....Man at Boat Dock (uncredited)
' L0 E$ S7 ]2 z$ ~9 ^6 w Michael Audley ....Man in Projection Room (uncredited)
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Walter Bacon ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
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Harry A. Bailey ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Alva Baudena ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
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Charles Bennett ....Entertainer (uncredited)
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Joan Blair ....Georgia (uncredited)
8 ?. B# v- A% u2 L9 i( c# R Danny Borzage ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
) Z, F o( U& a Robert Brent ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
4 {$ C# [7 \+ a0 X) n, j James Brought ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
2 p; g8 w9 T3 Z) E) ] Morgan Brown ....Servant (uncredited)
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Harry Burkhardt ....Wedding Guest (uncredited)
3 S6 a" u6 K) ] V: N& r5 j. s/ s William Calkins ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Porter Chase ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
: r. y) K/ @9 R- G2 q+ a Gene Chervow ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
2 U- p" q1 ^- P J.J. Clark ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
7 ^: x/ L* X6 s" M4 q Dorothy Cleveland ....Person in Front of 'Chronicle' Building (uncredited)
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埃德蒙·科博 Edmund Cobb ....Inquirer Reporter (uncredited)
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Eddie Coke ....Reporter (uncredited)
& n' {. ?1 D1 z& I 纳·京·科尔 Nat 'King' Cole ....Pianist in 'El Rancho' (uncredited)
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Tom Coleman ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
+ G$ O0 P9 M) E5 M Gene Coogan ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Sally Corner ....Woman at Boat Deck (uncredited)
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Gino Corrado ....Gino (uncredited)
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Herbert Corthell ....City Editor (uncredited)
3 {9 o6 \: O! X* b! w Irene Crosby ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Charles Cross ....Man at Opera (uncredited)
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Thomas A. Curran ....Teddy Roosevelt (uncredited)
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Louise Currie ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
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Jack Curtis ....Boss Printer (uncredited)
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Ed Dahlen ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Ernie Daniels ....Hireling - Chicago Inquirer (uncredited)
% K( B+ J0 d/ R- ]! d7 n- [ Coy Danz ....Nurse on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
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Margaret Davis ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Tim Davis ....Copy Boy (uncredited)
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Donna Dax ....House Maid (uncredited)
) S1 e. C9 g g* M% M4 }( x) I Marie Day ....Insert Bit (uncredited)
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Petra R. de Silva ....Newswoman (uncredited)
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Gayle DeCamp ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Frances Deets ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Carl Deloro ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
9 `% z6 v- {% z/ t/ C* f George DeNormand ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
9 ?3 u) P* [4 N+ h7 F Eddie Dew ....Man in Projection Room (uncredited)
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John Dilson ....Ward Heeler (uncredited)
$ \9 m% _! P3 `$ d" G+ L; G X5 } Robert Dudley ....Photographer (uncredited)
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Lou Duello ....Man at Opera (uncredited)
( W+ g6 c5 h7 S9 g8 e) \% K4 h3 b Suzanne Dulier ....French Maid (uncredited)
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Art Dupuis ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
) P! o) k, C. u' u: z5 K" b8 S Pauline Easterday ....Dancer (uncredited)
U6 S x# e' a9 ?( U% L Al Eben ....Solly (uncredited)
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Johnny Eckert ....Driver of Car (uncredited)
: O: U' Y" _' c) O8 O% w Jack Egan ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
& h4 j, T: P# }. }( \8 I. q% O Carl Ekberg ....Adolf Hitler (uncredited)
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Dick Elmore ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
- f" k/ G7 L+ [7 u8 H Edith Evanson ....Leland's Nurse (uncredited)
5 C" h3 b8 b0 | Carl Faulkner ....Hermann Goring (uncredited)
. |% W. o- o% M0 Z6 c. [6 S Juanita Fields ....Dancer (uncredited)
7 P6 _7 ?+ D! k+ K# g Jack Floyd ....Hireling - Chicago Inquirer (uncredited)
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Ray Flynn ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
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Monty Ford ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Jean Forward ....Opera Singer (uncredited)
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Olin Francis ....Expressman (uncredited)
- \" d1 L" J' H2 `8 h Louise Franklin ....Susan's Maid (uncredited)
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Al Frazier ....Gorilla Man (uncredited)
% d) R# l1 w6 u0 D( F/ }* M7 W Guy Gada ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Gloria Gale ....Dancer (uncredited)
+ ~' t, f. u0 j! t6 y4 T: A* ` Captain Garcia ....General in 'News on the March' (uncredited)
7 W7 X( F: A* G9 |" Y* s7 A Jack Gargan ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
7 i' d! C7 U" c3 N4 z8 Y# m Bud Geary ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Rudolph Germaine ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
! x" _2 K8 f( D) {8 i* | Bob Gladman ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
* n0 E" V5 Q+ o* C$ Q" X& D2 { Renee Godfrey ....Nurse (uncredited)
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Jerry Gordon ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Peter Gowland ....Guest (uncredited)
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Jimmy Grant ....Man at Party in Everglades (uncredited)
! `. f) I: D$ E" q% K Jesse Graves ....Joseph (uncredited)
! y6 w- a# V% }% i( E4 B Ernest Grooney ....Man on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
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Jack Gwynne ....Man on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
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Bobby Haines ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
+ M( Y- e) L, ?/ J0 | Frank Haney ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
' T: D# v* K- o4 B4 i Harry Harris ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Sam Harris ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
7 T% u- {, n* C5 `& J1 L' g Lew Harvey ....Newspaper Man (uncredited)
) L. @& C0 a: j) W! U$ o Henry Hebert ....Best Man at Wedding (uncredited)
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Edward L. Hemmer ....Bit Part (uncredited)
/ s D$ v. x n7 c P# D$ W Cliff Herd ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Bryan 'Slim' Hightower ....Fish Driver (uncredited)
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Harlan Hoagland ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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John Huettner ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
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Mitchell Ingraham ....Politician (uncredited)
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Jack Itay ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
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Jack Jahries ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
6 u5 ~" k: H. m0 l. E Walter James ....Ward Heeler (uncredited)
! A; J# K+ ]% i: c9 _ George W. Jimenez ....Waiter at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Clayton Jones ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Edna Mae Jones ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Harry Jones ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
8 D- t4 k0 F- o Alexander Julian ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
$ A7 K- c) ~0 N7 P0 k- G Bill Kane ....Man on Hospital Roof (uncredited)
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Arthur Kay ....Orchestra Leader (uncredited)
+ }5 a& n. Y: ?+ L, t" Y7 F8 k Ivy Keene ....Driver of Car / Woman in Loggia Scene (uncredited)
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E. Kerry ....Person in Front of 'Chronicle' Building (uncredited)
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Milton Kibbee ....Reporter at Wedding (uncredited)
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Laura Knight ....Dancer (uncredited)
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艾伦·拉德 Alan Ladd ....Reporter Smoking Pipe at End (uncredited)
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Mike Lally ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Carmen Laroux ....Maid in Corridor in Xanadu (uncredited)
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Perc Launders ....Man in Projection Room (uncredited)
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Walter Lawrence ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Bob Lawson ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
& q8 [) I! T2 }5 S Bert LeBaron ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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David Ledner ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
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Adam Linke ....Druggist (uncredited)
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J.D. Lockhart ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
# z5 ?+ Q) a; J3 V/ Y Mary Lorraine ....Dancer (uncredited)
) Q1 w. X( U0 G j- e+ E3 X/ |* F- H" `' U Ellen Lowe ....Miss Townsend (uncredited)
& c% l# W+ H+ B b5 N: N3 a1 H& ~9 ~ Ludwig Lowry ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
! |. _* w! V0 C4 L8 k1 U+ n# j; M Buck Mack ....Reporter at Boat Deck (uncredited)
8 a' y' L% S/ m* O James T. Mack ....Prompter (uncredited)
, o- v% ^; J8 x/ Q6 W Evelyn Mackert ....Woman at Boat Dock (uncredited)
0 |9 F% [; J& N+ @$ I& u6 z# k Teddy Mangean ....Man on Roof (uncredited)
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赫尔曼·J·曼凯维奇 Herman J. Mankiewicz ....Newspaperman (uncredited)
; F, a4 o; A' s' v Jack Manolas ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Joe Manz ....Jennings (uncredited)
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Loretta Marsh ....Dancer (uncredited)
1 A! @: a t% n' ?) u4 z6 j Mickey Martin ....Newsboy (uncredited)
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Clyde McAtee ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
8 k$ z, F* k, ]+ ?$ ` Major McBride ....Shadowgraph Man (uncredited)
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Frank McClure ....Minor Role (uncredited)
% I/ F: B% g: {8 z1 U Lee McCluskey ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
+ A1 t" l+ M+ K John McCormack ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Charles Meakin ....Civic Leader (uncredited)
" `& k/ c8 ?' o4 F9 r- S- L Hercules Mendez ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Jim Merritt ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Buddy Messinger ....Man at Boat Dock (uncredited)
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E.G. Miller ....Neville Chamberlain / Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Irving Mitchell ....Dr. Corey (uncredited)
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Bert Moorhouse ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
8 T6 F! W' `9 m7 m/ x# a# w$ H) a Philip Morris ....Politician (uncredited)
8 X! T+ f* v6 `2 _ Jack Morton ....Butler (uncredited)
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Louis Natheaux ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Frances E. Neal ....Ethel (uncredited)
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Lillian Nicholson ....Woman at Opera (uncredited)
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Leda Nicova ....Dancer (uncredited)
s z8 G# j& g George Noisom ....Copy Boy (uncredited)
( W8 u3 t/ n% z" z Joseph North ....Male Secretary (uncredited)
- J6 S& L5 w! g+ {, J John Northpole ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
, T* {. P! V/ K3 r- P7 ~/ { Field Norton ....Opera Spectator (uncredited)
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William H. O'Brien ....Male Secretary (uncredited)
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阿瑟·奥康纳 Arthur O'Connell ....Reporter (uncredited)
: |5 J1 ~- U2 \9 \1 s. z/ q Frank O'Connor ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
* o; w( h1 x, k' Y8 G. C) w Paddy O'Flynn ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
" ^) [0 q2 ]/ ]+ y/ o7 ]/ ^" U Lillian O'Malley ....Person in Front of 'Chronicle' Building (uncredited)
& M2 n: H: P: z1 e$ J Edward Peil Jr. ....Civic Leader (uncredited)
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Gerald Pierce ....Copy Boy Delivering Message in Chicago Hotel Room (uncredited)
5 I7 K: u# f, ~- ?5 v B Thomas Pogue ....Man (uncredited)
" Q; ^8 L8 I" S/ k- U Russ Powell ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
7 f2 z5 O, v+ D. k# }% p J.R. Ralston ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
Q2 W/ K. ^: A& ^7 R Terrance Ray ....Man at Boat Dock / Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
5 _" e7 `& g# S% k5 c. F: a Jack Raymond ....Stagehand (uncredited)
4 w1 J- _$ y! V, w William Reed ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Guy Repp ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Jolane Reynolds ....Dancer (uncredited)
0 v* H2 ~+ {5 T Sam Rice ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Verne Richards ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
# J* E: |2 R9 o5 S. c, a! V1 A Suzanne Ridgeway ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Cyril Ring ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
) v7 D$ g% P1 s- X Myrtle Rishell ....Big Governess (uncredited)
; a4 V% U* _, R9 F Jack Robbins ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Don Roberts ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
0 p1 B' l) f8 t* P George Rogers ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
* | ^8 }9 ^0 T+ | Victor Romito ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
5 i$ T; a2 J( N3 K; C2 l5 x) N t 本尼·鲁宾 Benny Rubin ....Smather (uncredited)
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Shimen Ruskin ....Hireling (uncredited)
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Edward Ryan ....Man in Inquirer City Room (uncredited)
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Jack Ryan ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
$ W; B6 j5 [5 H3 r6 N) P0 R Robert Samven ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
: D! U- m7 y4 T2 v: l7 h Walter Sande ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
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Jack Santoro ....Man at Xanadu Great Hall (uncredited)
! e- ?( z( t: v0 `/ }) p8 c Francis Sayles ....Politician (uncredited)
5 I( A7 q! z: T Dick Scott ....Opera Spectator (uncredited)
$ F8 k3 {4 Z- N, ?" k5 u. R Ruth Seeley ....Dancer (uncredited)
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George Sherwood ....Hireling (uncredited)
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Brent Shugar ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
% N1 t' J: i ]" T" J; s Bruce Sidney ....Newsman (uncredited)
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Guy Smith ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
/ i4 A! ~* B/ M: |3 \0 I Roy Smith ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
' R* e- T: W/ I! k$ p: r/ u+ s% Y6 F Vince Speaker ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
& g/ c1 Z' @ b: k; i% j9 i George Sperry ....City Room Employee (uncredited)
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Sam Steele ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Ralph Stein ....Hireling, Chicago Inquirer (uncredited)
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Bert Stevens ....Man at Madison Square Garden (uncredited)
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Landers Stevens ....Senate Investigator (uncredited)
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Dimas Sutteno ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
; r [6 z# l8 A' X# V7 ` Jack Taylor ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Norman Taylor ....Man in Senate Investigating Committee (uncredited)
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Bob Terry ....Extra in Newsreel (uncredited)
" V8 Q6 v, z8 T( B) x Karl Thomas ....Jetsam (uncredited)
/ y$ Q; U/ \, \) D Robert B. Tobin ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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格雷格·托兰德 Gregg Toland ....Interviewer in 1935 Newsreel (uncredited)
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Kathryn Trosper ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
8 @. q8 p4 M+ E Fred Trowbridge ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
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Glen Turnbull ....Flotsam (uncredited)
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Gohr Van Vleck ....Stagehand (uncredited)
( F; v3 C& {, V, G8 j, |$ S Harry J. Vejar ....Portuguese Laborer (uncredited)
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Tim Wallace ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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Ken Weaver ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
3 y/ U' B1 E8 Z: k" l1 P8 V8 m0 P Charles West ....Stage Manager (uncredited)
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Larry Wheat ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
8 ]/ r1 Y- x6 X0 v Patrick Whitney ....Reporter (uncredited)
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Jan Wiley ....Reporter at Xanadu (uncredited)
: O8 S+ D9 O' W Bill Wilkens ....Man on Roof (uncredited)
/ Y c& @( |! H+ J Larry Williams ....Man Singing at Inquirer Party (uncredited)
. e' D1 v6 T0 |. [9 [' c Tudor Williams ....Chorus Master (uncredited)
- l+ g! K) ^% F6 a W" p Richard Wilson ....Reporter (uncredited)
3 v$ q! d$ O8 c) {% I4 r Vivian Wilson ....Dancer (uncredited)
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Roland Winters ....Newspaperman at Trenton Town Hall (uncredited)
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Vera Winters ....Woman in Projection Room (uncredited)
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Arthur Yeoman ....Speaker (uncredited)
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Louis Young ....Newsreel Extra (uncredited)
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' j5 Z% g, D/ f. T o% n- R' t【文件格式】X264 + DTS
, x. k+ ^& v2 J" m【文件大小】7.9 GB
7 Q+ r5 R- }6 u6 v8 Y【视频尺寸】1488 x 1080
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【影片长度】119 Mins
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【对白语言】英语
Z C5 [4 d4 V9 q* K7 k【字幕语言】英文/法文/西班牙文/葡萄牙文/捷克文/波兰文/匈牙利文/罗马尼亚文/希腊文
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【内容简介】
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黎明时分,犹如帝宫般威严的桑那都庄园的剪影,屹立在佛罗里达州海滨一座山顶上。
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摄影机的镜头缓缓推近庄园的大铁门,铁门顶端镶嵌着硕大的字母“K”。镜头空过铁门推近宫堡式的建筑,又越过窗户,逼近卧榻上的一垂危的白发老人。只见他嘴唇翕动,喃喃地吐出“玫瑰花蕾”几个字;他手上握着一个水晶球镇纸,球心带有雪花纷扬中的农舍景物— —蓦地,手松了,水晶球滚落于地,砰然碎裂。
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被人称作“美国忽必烈”的报业巨子查尔斯·福斯特·凯恩,在76岁时孤寂地死去。
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一部新闻纪录片画面,展示了凯恩传奇的生平,一帧黑框的凯恩的照片,占满整个银幕。各种报纸头版通栏报导了这位权势人物的死讯。解说词称:“凯恩的帝国在其昌盛时期,曾经控制着37家报纸,13家杂志和一个无线电广播网。它是帝国中的帝国。”新闻镜状追溯了凯恩发迹致富的缘起,其后创办《问事报》,涉足政界,成为风云人物。他曾两度结婚两度离婚,一次是与总统的侄女爱米丽成婚,青云直上;一次是与“女歌星”苏珊成婚,轰动一时。恰恰是他与苏珊桃色丑闻被揭露,导致他在竞选州长的政治生涯中一败涂地,从此一蹶不振。在经济大萧条之后,“凯恩帝国”迅速走向衰落。到晚年,凯恩在桑那都庄园,深居简出,孑然一身,直到病逝。
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一家杂志的主笔若斯东,对这部仓促剪辑、止于皮相的新闻片并不满意,便委托青年记者汤姆逊对凯恩生平作深入调查,并要他卉清凯恩临终遗言“玫瑰花蕾”的真实含义,以揭示这个“美国忽必烈”作为人的真实形象。
; N8 j8 \, I6 T2 n* x7 R, | 汤姆逊访问的第一个对象,是凯恩的第二任妻子人珊,她现在是亚特兰大城一家低级酒吧的歌女,年近50仍浓妆艳抹,但断然拒绝接受采访,一声“滚出去”的逐客令,或许正隐藏着这位当年红伶的人生痛楚。
5 @; h9 h$ y6 J0 h& p 在费城的赛切尔纪念图书馆,汤姆逊获准进入档案室,查阅了已故银行家赛切尔未经披露的回忆录手搞。1870年大雪纷飞的冬天,小凯恩的母亲经营着一座家庭式膳宿公寓,早几年有个房客拖欠房租,便用一张废矿井的产权契约作抵押,不料这个废矿井后来被确认竟是富矿,凯恩一家顿时发迹。当凯恩母亲将他连同财产托付给赛切尔,要送他去大都市受教育。小凯恩对于要他成人后做什么“美国最阔的人”毫不理解,不肯离开妈妈和这个乡野小镇,就用雪橇猛撞赛切尔。但他最终还是被带走了,雪地上留下那副孩子玩耍的雪橇。凯恩成年获得财产权后,便自作主张买下第一家报社,出版《问事报》。他公然与赛切尔作对,兴之所至时还大谈维护社会正义,假惺惺地要保护穷人不受大公司剥削(他拥有这家公司的巨额股标)。赛切尔手稿上写着这样的结语:凯恩只不过是一个走运的流氓,被惯坏了的、没有责任感的无耻之徒。
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在纽约《问事报》的摩天大楼里,汤姆逊会见了当年同凯恩合作办报的总经理伯恩斯坦。这位老人回忆起1890年凯恩第一天接管报社的情景,凯恩年轻气盛,不可一世。他主张制造轰动新闻而不问事实真相确否,以此与《纪实报》争夺读者。但凯恩在向公众发表的“原则宣言”里则义正辞严写道:“我要向本市居民提供一份日报,它要忠实地报导新闻……不允许有任何特殊的利益来干预这些新闻的真实性。”凯恩信奉实用主义,革故鼎新,从办报而投身政治,还把对手《纪实报》的全班人马拉进了自己的报社,甚至制造舆论鼓动美国卷入1897年的美西战争。他还怀着政治野心,实现了与总统侄女爱米丽的婚姻。至于问到“玫瑰花蕾”,作何解释伯恩斯坦则无法破解,只说,那或许是一个他爱过的姑娘,或许是“他失去什么东西”。最后,伯恩斯坦建议汤姆逊去找凯恩的大学好友、后来当上戏剧专栏员的里兰,并说此人对凯恩的私生活占有一手材料。
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在一家医院里,汤姆逊找到了坐在轮椅里的里兰。穷途潦倒的里兰对他说,凯恩是靠权力来生活的,他是个蹩脚的办报人,“他使自己的读者得到消遣,但从来没有跟他们讲过实话”。他与总统侄女爱米丽纯属政治属政治联姻,其破裂是必然的;后来,他与歌女苏珊邂逅,一见钟情,干出“金屋藏娇”的风流韵事。当凯恩投身政治、况选州长之际,其政敌盖蒂斯便以“凯恩在爱巢中和‘歌女’双双被捉”的丑闻将他击败。凯恩为苏珊修建了歌剧院,但天分有限的苏珊首场演出便告失败。里兰撰文如实批评,说苏珊不过是“一位漂亮的,然而是力不从心的票友”。这篇批评文章,里因酒未能卒篇,由凯恩代笔完成。文章见报,里兰旋即被凯恩解雇,他们的友谊也就破裂了,凯恩在政治与爱情两方面均遭挫折,自此,便隐居于桑那都如帝宫的庄园。
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一句话评论
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奥逊·威尔斯和他的处女作《公民凯恩》是现代电影的奠基石。 ——法国著名电影理论家 安德列·巴赞
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" j2 B) n! O) J《公民凯恩》不仅是部伟大的电影,它是有声电影出现初期的集大成者——犹如《一个国家的诞生》是默片时代的颠峰,《2001》漫游太空》建立了一种指向未来的叙述——这些高峰屹立于其他所有的影片之上。 ——芝加哥太阳时报
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9 [ d9 D$ m! L; ]! ~( J& C好莱坞的财政家们(或许还包括世界各地的电影观众)在接受纯粹的诗、传说、寓言和神话时,在这里我指的是电影《公民凯恩》时,或许他们会颇感困难。 ——法国著名导演 弗朗索瓦·特吕弗
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幕后制作
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关于电影
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7 m Z9 {4 S4 }: B1 R 拍摄于1941年的《公民凯恩》是美国电影史上的一部重要实验影片,被誉为"现代电影的纪念碑",在几乎所有的电影排行榜上都是风光无限,被视做"电影史上十大影片"当之无愧的冠军和头号经典。这部纯粹的"电影的诗"处在战前电影伟大传统的结束和四五十年代电影的开端之间,是一部对生活高度凝炼、对人性和社会的深刻理解以及对心理世界的理性体验的影片,掘弃了当时通行的电影美学原则(构思新颖的仰角镜头和简约而富于表现力的纵深镜头, 独特而又自然流畅的场面调度和移动拍摄, 以及音响、对白、用光的革新运用和独具匠心的配乐),改变了好莱坞过去传统的影片拍摄模式,其中某些方面更被后人模仿到泛滥,在艺术上所表现出的力量、勇敢、粗犷、冲击、娱乐性及个人体验均达到了那一时代的巅峰。
& @0 y% F; e0 x+ e8 ~7 z5 t1 C5 y 《公民凯恩》是奥逊·威尔斯以纽约报业大亨威廉·朗道尔夫·赫斯特(1863-1951)为原型,加上自己童年时寄居他人时的经历及感受塑造出了查尔斯·福斯特·凯恩的形象。该电影剧本的合作编剧赫尔曼·曼凯维支本人就认识赫斯特,并且是其情妇、电影明星玛利昂·戴维斯的朋友。影片是保密拍摄的,但由于赫斯特认为这部影片是影射攻击自己,因此提出抗议,并企图以80万美元买下影片禁止其上映。威尔斯听到此消息大为震惊,他只有一个挽救方法,就是拼命在小范围里放映影片,把口碑传出去。果然,部分同行的高度评价使得雷电华顶住了压力,否则这部作品将永远保存在少数人的记忆里。此片一直到二次世界大战才后重新发行,先从欧洲受到重视,转而在美国本土的电视上放映。
6 t# G, b- b. V: s 实际上该片讲述故事的方式远比其所讲的故事有价值。影片由六段有着内在逻辑的闪回组成,这几段倒叙并非一块拼图的组成部分,而是由外向内层层剥开的洋葱。影片将镜头首次切入到人性的层面,对人性进行了深入的探讨。此片完全可以被看做是美国个人奋斗理念的寓言故事。
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该片共获得包括最佳影片、导演、主演、摄影、录音及音乐等九项提名奥斯卡提名,但由于当时的历史背景与影片涉及的现实人物,最终只获得最佳原创剧本一项金像奖。
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l5 J( z5 Q6 I% @《公民凯恩》中的每一个角色似乎都是为演员度身定做的--不仅主角,就连管家雷蒙、政客盖蒂、童年凯恩等都有着鲜明的特色。此片的演员多数来自威尔斯的以广播剧和舞台剧见长的水晶剧团,几乎没有电影表演的经验,但除了极少数的特写镜头,所有演员的表演都非常自然,奥逊o威尔斯本人扮演的凯恩一角迄今仍是电影表演的范例。但演员出神入化的表演却无法引起普通观众的一片叫好声,原因是片中没有可让演员"炫耀"演技的场面,但如果观众将剧本和电影进行对比时就会发现演员实在功不可没。
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摄影$ m+ x. o4 B- C1 p
8 ^. X q8 T3 d0 ^这部划时代影片取得的成就还表现在电影的拍摄技术上,该片首次采用了大景深镜头(即深焦距镜头),大量低角度的仰拍镜头及强度对比的黑白光影运用等。《公民凯恩》的构图基本是古典的三角形,但常在镜头的变化和停留中有一种近乎天然的张弛节奏。此外,还运用了堪称完美的蒙太奇镜头压缩时间,扩大影片容量,使其简洁地反映主人公一生的重大事件。如表现凯恩与第一个妻子离异的过程,从结婚到离婚共八年时间,影片却只用了六个镜头就表现出来了。
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! t' Q, p# k, l/ N' l6 e为影片担当摄影的是格莱格o托兰德。托兰德加入剧组时已是好莱坞卓有成就的摄影师,但拍摄的难度还是超出了他的预料。我们现在都知道,那些超低角度的镜头都是威尔斯的主意。当摄影师表示机器已经摆到地面上、不可能再低时,威尔斯便将地板砍了,把摄影机"埋"入地下。
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7 F: f5 v9 b* O# r《公民凯恩》的曲作者伯纳德o赫尔曼(1911-1975)也是水晶剧团的成员。这位具传奇色彩的作曲家一生配乐54部, 在其搭档奥森o威尔斯极富个人特色的作品《公民凯恩》中,赫尔曼显示出对于复杂音响和音乐的处理能力,谱写了和镜头相得益彰的蒙太奇音乐,通过音响来转换场景。他的配乐犹如剧情的忠实仆人,并在其中一些段落显示出卓越才华:他为苏珊登台写了一段酷似马斯奈歌剧的法国咏叹调,为报社庆典写了一段地道的百老汇曲子,并获得奥斯卡最佳原作音乐的提名。这位电影配乐大师后来在希区柯克那里大放异彩,其中包括1960年的经典片《精神病患者》。
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在电影的叙事手法上,《公民凯恩》打破了以往电影顺序的线性叙事的手法,采用了非线性的多元叙事结构,运用倒叙和插叙的叙事技巧,多角度、多单元地去表现人物,使人物更为立体鲜活。这种全新的叙事手法虽在今天已司空见惯,但在当时却是史无前例的,从而成为现代电影和传统电影的分界线。
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非线性叙事技巧并非威尔斯首创,之前有几部好莱坞电影已尝试过,但威尔斯将这种"叠床架屋"的形式发挥到极致,每一段的时间跳跃和重叠都很大,很多视觉、对白及主题在不同段落中遥相呼应。威尔斯更将玫瑰花蕾叫做"骗人的玩意儿",玫瑰花蕾的动机只不过是一个情节的嚎头,而通过对这一噱头的探索使叙事成型,将整个故事的蔓生枝节紧密地联系在一起,同时提供了一个戏剧性的问题抓住观众,这也就使得该片带有侦探类型片的模式。
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